红松资源的合理开发与东北地区生态安全

阔叶红松林生态系统是中国东北地带性顶极群落,为人类提供包括稳定的生态环境和多种生物资源在内的生态系统服务,对于维护中国东北地区区域生态安全具有重要意义。分析了东北地区的红松资源利用与保护现状,并总结了其对于东北地区生态安全的重要意义。最后提出了东北地区红松资源的管理保护建议。     

鹌鹑MC4R基因编码区群体遗传变异检测分析

 根据GenBank数据库提供的鹌鹑黑素促黑素受体4（MC4R）基因序列,设计出5对扩增引物,采用PCR SSCP分段检测方法对朝鲜鹌鹑MC4R基因外显子区域的多态性进行了检测,并对存在多态性的DNA片段进行了序列测定。SSCP分析的结果显示,第4号引物扩增的基因片段具有明显的多态性,并检测到了3种基因型（AA型,AB型,BB型）。将测序结果与GenBank数据库中鹌鹑MC4R基因序列进行比对,发现了一个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点：855bp位点存在一个T→C同义转换突变。基因型AA,AB和BB的频率分别为0.1933,0.6867和0.1200;等位基因A和B的频率分别为0.5367和0.4633;多态信息含量（PIC）和杂合度（H）分别为0.3736和0.4974;χ2检验的结果表明,该突变位点的基因频率未处于Hardy Weinberg平衡状态（P<0.01）。     

红松人工林林下植物物种多样性分析

采用Patrick指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数以及Simpson多样性指数,对黑龙江省伊春市朗乡林业局不同林龄、林分密度及立地条件的红松人工纯林林下的高等维管束植物物种多样性进行了比较研究。结果表明:灌木层物种多样性随红松人工林林龄的增加呈抛物线型,草本层物种多样性水平则呈现波动性。在低密度条件下,灌木层植物多样性指数较低,草本层植物的多样性指数却相对较高。阳坡的灌木层多样性水平较阴坡高,草本层则相反。在坡位水平上,灌木层和草本层的多样性指数整体上呈现坡上部高、下部低的趋势,草本层的Simpson多样性指数及Pielou均匀度指数表现出坡下部高的特点。总体上看,红松人工林林下植物多样性水平均较低。     

Basic characterization of 90 kDa heat shock protein genes HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, HSP90B1 and TRAP1 expressed in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)

In the current study, we describe four novel members of the 90 kDa heat shock protein (HSP90) family expressed in Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica. The coding regions of the genes, CjHSP90AA1, CjHSP90AB1, CjHSP90B1 and CjTRAP1, exhibited more than 94% similarity to their related genes in chicken. The putative proteins encoded by these quail genes contained motifs considered essential for HSP90 gene function. In addition, the predicted proteins were more similar to HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, HSP90B1 and TRAP1 proteins expressed in vertebrates than they were to other members of the HSP90 family. Exon numbers of CjHSP90AA1 (11), CjHSP90AB1 (12) or CjTRAP1 (18) are the same as the chicken and mammalian orthologs. Furthermore, gene order in the regions surrounding CjHSP90AB1 and CjTRAP1 has been preserved, providing evidence that the genomic regions were orthologous to HSP90‐containing regions in the chicken genome. The promoter regions of the genes also contained conserved motifs identified in related genes of chicken. However, the nucleotide sequences of the 5′‐flanking region of these genes were highly polymorphic. We also found that CjHSP90AA1 exhibited a robust response to heat shock treatment. Taken together, the data suggest that CjHSP90AA1, CjHSP90AB1, CjHSP90B1 and CjTRAP1 encode orthologs of HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, HSP90B1 and TRAP1, respectively.     

鹌鹑致病性大肠杆菌与沙门氏菌混合感染的病原分离鉴定与药敏试验

目的:分离鉴定发病鹌鹑的病原菌,并进行药敏试验。方法:从发病鹌鹑的肝脏和心脏等组织,分离细菌,进行纯化培养、生化试验、小鼠致病性试验和药敏试验。结果:经过实验室诊断确诊为大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌混合感染;用13种常用抗菌药物对分离菌株进行了药敏试验。结果表明,大肠杆菌对庆大霉素、复达欣、新霉素等药物高度敏感;沙门氏菌对复达欣、新霉素、氟哌酸等药物高度敏感。结论:药敏试验结果为规模化鹌鹑养殖场临床合理用药提供了科学依据。     

红松人工林的主要病虫害防治

对红松人工林主要病害和虫害的种类、病害症状、危害程度进行分析,提出有针对性的防治方法。     

A core set of microsatellite markers for conservation genetics studies of Korean goral (Naemorhedus caudatus) and its cross-species amplification in Caprinae species

In order to screen microsatellites for conservation genetics studies of the species, a total of 23 microsatellite loci from Korean goral (Naemorhedus caudatus), including 15 previously developed loci and 8 new loci in this study, were tested. Eleven microsatellites were screened and subjected to cross-species amplification using a test panel of four Caprinae species, Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus), Chinese gorals (Naemorhedus goral), Northern chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) and domestic goats (Capra hircus). In addition, all eleven microsatellites (SY3A, SY12A, SY12B, SY48, SY58, SY71, SY76, SY84, SY84B, SY112, and SY129) satisfied the criteria to be a core set of microsatellites. This core set of microsatellites and cross-species amplification of Korean goral microsatellites were found to be helpful for high-resolution studies for conservation and management of Korean goral and other endangered Caprinae species.     

乳酸菌剂对鹌鹑夏季产蛋性能影响的研究

为探讨乳酸菌制剂在夏季对鹌鹑产蛋性能的影响,选用120日龄商品代蛋用鹌鹑300只,随机分成3组,每组4个重复。分别在基础日粮中添加0.00%、0.02%、0.04%的乳酸菌剂,试期28 d。结果表明,产蛋率、蛋重、蛋黄指数组间无明显差异(P>0.05)。蛋壳厚度试验组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验组间差异不显著(P>0.05);料蛋比试验组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。乳酸菌剂可明显提高夏季蛋用鹌鹑的蛋壳厚度和饲料效率。     

红松种群天然更新及幼年生长与林分结构关系的研究

通过大量的野外调查和室内分析,研究了红松处群天然更新及幼年生长和林分结构的关系,结果表明：林下红松的更新受上层林冠结构的制约,好的更新是同阔叶叶树的保护及稍大的干扰强度相联系,良好的红松幼苗幼树生长是同阔叶树、稀疏的林冠、适宜的树木方位配置及稍大的干扰强度分不开的。     

Recovery of species diversity after disturbance of broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in Changbai Mountain

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